Psychiatry ICD-10 Codes & CPT Codes

Psychiatry billing combines E&M visit codes with psychotherapy add-on codes, requiring precise documentation of both medical decision-making and therapy minutes. This page covers the top ICD-10-CM diagnosis codes and CPT procedure codes used by psychiatrists and psychiatric nurse practitioners in outpatient and inpatient settings across the US.

FY 2026 ICD-10-CM (CMS) · All codes verified billable · Last verified: June 2026

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Top ICD-10 Codes for Psychiatry

ICD-10 Code Description Billable
F20.9 Schizophrenia, unspecified ✓
F25.0 Schizoaffective disorder, bipolar type ✓
F31.9 Bipolar disorder, unspecified ✓
F32.1 Major depressive disorder, single episode, moderate ✓
F33.1 Major depressive disorder, recurrent episode, moderate ✓
F41.1 Generalized anxiety disorder ✓
F43.10 Post-traumatic stress disorder, unspecified ✓
F90.2 ADHD, combined type ✓
F60.3 Borderline personality disorder ✓
F10.20 Alcohol dependence, uncomplicated ✓
F11.20 Opioid dependence, uncomplicated ✓
F06.30 Mood disorder due to known physiological condition, unspecified ✓
F03.90 Unspecified dementia without behavioral disturbance ✓
G30.9 Alzheimer’s disease, unspecified ✓
Z79.899 Other long-term (current) drug therapy ✓
F32.0 Major depressive disorder, single episode, mild ✓
F32.2 Major depressive disorder, single episode, severe without psychotic features ✓
F32.3 Major depressive disorder, single episode, severe with psychotic symptoms ✓
F33.0 Major depressive disorder, recurrent, mild ✓
F33.2 Major depressive disorder, recurrent severe without psychotic features ✓
F40.10 Social phobia, unspecified ✓
F40.00 Agoraphobia without panic disorder ✓
F41.0 Panic disorder without agoraphobia ✓
F42.2 Mixed obsessional thoughts and acts (OCD) ✓
F43.12 Post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic ✓
F50.00 Anorexia nervosa, unspecified ✓
F50.2 Bulimia nervosa ✓
F84.0 Autistic disorder ✓
F90.0 Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive type ✓
F31.30 Bipolar disorder, current episode depressed, mild or moderate severity, unspecified ✓
F31.10 Bipolar disorder, current episode manic without psychotic features, unspecified ✓
F60.01 Paranoid personality disorder ✓
F60.4 Histrionic personality disorder ✓
F64.0 Transsexualism (gender dysphoria) ✓
F17.210 Nicotine dependence, cigarettes, uncomplicated ✓
F19.10 Other psychoactive substance abuse, uncomplicated ✓
F51.01 Primary insomnia ✓
F34.1 Dysthymic disorder (persistent depressive disorder) ✓
F39 Unspecified mood (affective) disorder ✓
Z87.39 Personal history of other mental and behavioral disorders ✓

Source: CMS ICD-10-CM FY 2026

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Common CPT Codes for Psychiatry Billing

CPT Code Description Medicare Rate* Common Modifiers
99212 Office visit, established patient, straightforward (brief medication check) ~$47 -25, -95, -GT
99213 Office visit, established patient, low complexity (medication management) ~$76 -25, -95, -GT
99214 Office visit, established patient, moderate complexity ~$112 -25, -95, -GT
99215 Office visit, established patient, high complexity ~$148 -25, -95, -GT
99205 Office visit, new patient, high complexity (psychiatric evaluation) ~$216 -25, -95, -GT
90791 Psychiatric diagnostic evaluation (initial assessment, no medical services) ~$150 -95, -GT
90792 Psychiatric diagnostic evaluation with medical services ~$163 -95, -GT
90833 Psychotherapy add-on, 30 min with E&M (16-37 minutes of therapy) ~$67 -25
90836 Psychotherapy add-on, 45 min with E&M (38-52 minutes of therapy) ~$96 -25
90838 Psychotherapy add-on, 60 min with E&M (53+ minutes of therapy) ~$124 -25
90837 Individual psychotherapy, 60 minutes (without E&M) ~$130 -95, -GT
90847 Family psychotherapy with patient present, 50 min ~$107 -95, -GT
96127 Brief emotional/behavioral assessment (e.g., PHQ-9, GAD-7) with scoring ~$8 -25
99221 Initial hospital care, low complexity (inpatient psychiatric admission) ~N/A Facility only
99222 Initial hospital care, moderate complexity (inpatient psychiatric) ~N/A Facility only
99223 Initial hospital care, high complexity (inpatient psychiatric admission) ~N/A Facility only
99231 Subsequent hospital care, straightforward or low complexity ~N/A Facility only
90853 Group psychotherapy (other than of a multiple-family group) ~$20 -95, -GT, -HQ

*Approximate 2025 CMS national non-facility rate. Rates vary by geography, setting, and payer contract. Refer to the CMS Physician Fee Schedule for official rates.

Top Denial Reasons for Psychiatry Claims

⚠

Missing or Insufficient Medical Necessity Documentation

Payers require documented clinical rationale (symptom severity, functional impairment, treatment plan) to justify psychiatric services. Include PHQ-9/GAD-7 scores, current symptoms, and response to prior treatment in every note.

⚠

Incorrect Use of E&M + Psychotherapy Add-On Codes

Billing 90837 (standalone psychotherapy) alongside an E&M code on the same date triggers duplicate claim denials. Use the appropriate add-on codes (90833/90836/90838) and append modifier -25 to the E&M to indicate a separately identifiable service.

⚠

Prior Authorization Not Obtained for Ongoing Psychotherapy

Many commercial payers require prior authorization after 8-12 psychotherapy sessions and for certain psychiatric medications. Verify auth requirements at the start of treatment and track renewal deadlines to prevent retroactive denials.

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Diagnosis-to-Procedure Code Mismatch

Linking a psychotherapy CPT code to an unrelated or non-psychiatric ICD-10 code (e.g., a medical diagnosis without a co-occurring mental health code) triggers medical necessity denials. Ensure the primary ICD-10 diagnosis supports the psychiatric service billed.

Psychiatry Billing & Coding Tips

  • Psychiatrists who provide both medication management and psychotherapy in the same visit bill the E&M code (99213/99214) plus a psychotherapy add-on code (90833/90836/90838) — do not bill a standalone psychotherapy code (90837) if prescribing is involved.
  • Document the psychotherapy time separately from the E&M time: the add-on codes require 16-37 min (90833), 38-52 min (90836), or 53+ min (90838) of psychotherapy beyond the E&M.
  • PDMP (Prescription Drug Monitoring Program) queries should be documented at every visit where controlled substances are prescribed — required by most state laws and reduces audit exposure.
  • Inpatient psychiatric services use different E&M codes: 99221-99223 for initial hospital care and 99231-99233 for subsequent visits — not the outpatient 99213/99214 series.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between 90833 and 90837?

90833 is a psychotherapy add-on code billed in addition to an E&M visit (99213/99214) when the psychiatrist provides both medication management AND therapy in the same encounter. 90837 is a standalone 60-minute psychotherapy code used when no E&M service is provided. Psychiatrists who prescribe medications should use the add-on code approach.

Can a psychiatrist bill 99214 and 90836 together?

Yes. This is the correct approach when a psychiatrist performs a moderate-complexity E&M (medication management, risk assessment) AND provides 38-52 minutes of psychotherapy in the same visit. Both services must be separately documented. The add-on code (90836) is billed alongside the E&M code.

What ICD-10 code is used for schizophrenia?

F20.9 is Schizophrenia, unspecified — the most commonly used code. F20.0 is Paranoid schizophrenia, F20.1 is Disorganized type, F20.3 is Undifferentiated type. Code to the specific subtype when documented. Schizoaffective disorder (F25.x) is distinct from schizophrenia and should not be coded as F20.x.

What code is used for inpatient psychiatric admission?

99221 (straightforward/low complexity), 99222 (moderate complexity), or 99223 (high complexity) are the initial hospital care codes for the admission day. Subsequent inpatient visits use 99231-99233. Psychiatric hospitals also use the Observation codes (99218-99220) for observation-status admissions.

How does OmniMD support psychiatry practices?

OmniMD’s Psychiatry EHR includes psychiatric-specific documentation templates, integrated PDMP querying, e-prescribing for controlled substances with DEA-compliant workflows, and built-in psychotherapy time tracking to support accurate add-on code selection at each encounter.

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